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N. A. entrer..cLnvnL'ANir vOHIO Letters Patent No.. 77,031, dated April 21, 1868.

IMPROVEMENT 1N STEAM-mouche.

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TO ALLlVHOM 1T MAY iCONCERN:

v Be it known that I, N. A. GRAY, of Cleveland, in the eeunty'ef Cuyahoga, and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam-Ploughs; and I d'ohercby declare that the `following is a full and complete description of the construction and operation of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making part of this specification, in which-- Figure V1 is aside view of the plough.

Figure 2, a View of the top.v

Figures 3 and 4 are detached gangs of spades or cutters.

Figures 5 and 6, detached sections, to which reference will be made,

Like letters refer to like partswin the different views.

The nature of my invention relates to the structure and adjustment of the spades, blades, or cutters, and the i mode of operating them te the construction of tlic compound crank. y Another improvement relates to the manner of attaching the spades and picks to the handles, and is an improvement on a former machine for which Letters Patent were 'granted me, October 27, 1863.

A, iig. 1, represents the propelling-power or engineboiler, driving-wheels, or gear, to thc'rear of which the gang of spades and picks B ure attached and'operated, all of which blades are the same in general construction and arrangement.- i i The manner described of attaching the gang of spades and picks with thc crank and bearing-wheels N dii'ers from the former plough, which was done in afxed and rigid manner, so that, in uneven ground, the gang was depressed or ,elevated as by the lowering or raising of the rear end ofthe machine. To avoid this, the joint or hinge at F was constructed, so as to allow the gang to adjust itself independently otI the mai-n machine, and whereby the compound crank and gang can be elevated at pleasure independently of the main machine'by means of the crank E and chain D, fig. 1.

This raising and lowering or adaptability of the gang does not in the least interferewith the gearing by which they are operated by steam from cylinder O,vconnectingrods'P P, steam-crank Q, and endless chains.

G G, which, combined, drive the gang B, iig. 1.

The pitch of the spades maybe made more or less vertical by moving the upper end of the spade-arms J, fig. 1, back or forward by means of the slots and rod II, fig. 2. J, iig. 6, shows the head oi' the handle pro- -vided with tenons 7c c, which are closely fitted to and inserted in mortises'cut in the cross-piece VK. The

tenons a a, at the upper end of the spade M a-nd pick L, fall into a mortise in the head J, above the tenen-7c,

and are fastened and heldthere by keys R, as shown in iig. 5. l

In my former .ploughs the spade-handles were horizontal, and a permanent stud formed half the journal, and the pick the other half, and also' the crank S, iig. 2, was so constructed as-.to cause the spades to strike consecutively on the succeeding pair adjacent, as shown in vfig. 4f, where they follow as the numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 85e.

vBy this arrangement, spades couldbe lengthcned or widened, but notboth without colliding with others; In the improved machine, spades will be carried as in iig. 5,-w'hich will admit of greater length and width without collision, and the pairs will strike as the order of odd numbers, 1, 3, 5, 7, Ste., followed bythe even numbers 2, `1i, 6, 8, &c., iig. 5, and the machine may be made to operate any i'i-unaler-oi` spades and picks in gang.

The tendency ofthe gang being to propel the main machin'e, I have attached the cog-wheel {l2-which works in a pinion eu the mainpower-crank Q, by cogs on its outer disk, and by pinion U in pins on the groundwheel V, ihn such manner as to adjust tlf'e velocity ot' the machine to the revolutions of the compound crank which carries the gang, so that it can go no faster than it digs, and dig no faster than it goes.

The mode of turning or steering the machine is by anupright shaft, with pinionsat the topand bottom meshing into cegs on a section of a circle, as shown at W, iig. 2.

What I claim as my improvement, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is- Y, 1. So hanging or jointing the digging-apparatus to the locomotive that the said apparatus will have anl independent adjustment, whereby itis rendered adjustable according to the nnevenness'ot. the groundfn the manner and by the means substantially as set forth. l

2. T-he stay I, rod H, and arm J, arranged in relation to the diggng-appnlatusi'as and for the purpose set forth. Y

3. The arm J, cross-head K,` spades or picks L M, and keys R, arranged in the manner and for the purpose substantially as specified.

4. The construction and arrangement of the spades and picks wheneombincd with the compound crank,

and operatedin the manner and for the purpose substantially as sot forth.

' A. GRAY.

Witnesses:

J. H. BURRIDGE, FRANK S. ALmaN. 

